Clinical Outcomes of Single and Co-infected Respiratory Viral Infections in Hospitalized Adults After the Pandemic

Authors : Özlem Güler, Melih Berkay Esgin, Müge Toygar Deniz, Birsen Mutlu, Aynur Karadenizli, Sila Akhan
Pages : 388-395
Doi:10.53446/actamednicomedia.1779267
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Publication Date : 2025-10-22
Article Type : Research Paper
Abstract :Objective: In the post-pandemic era, SARS-CoV-2 continues to circulate alongside other respiratory viruses. This study aimed to evaluate the epidemiology of single and co-infections after the pandemic and to assess intensive care unit (ICU) requirements as the main prognostic outcome. Methods: This retrospective cohort study was conducted between May 2023 and January 2024 at a tertiary care center. Adult hospitalized patients with respiratory symptoms and laboratory-confirmed viral infections were included in the study. The clinical characteristics, viral distribution, and predictors of ICU admission were analyzed. Results: Among 231 patients, SARS-CoV-2 (51.9%), influenza (16.9%), and rhinovirus/enterovirus (12.6%) were the most frequently detected viruses. Viral co-infections were identified in 6.1% of the cases. ICU admission was required in 18.2% of the patients, with no significant difference by virus type or between single and co-infections. In multivariable analysis, diabetes mellitus (aOR: 2.63; 95% CI: 1.03-6.70), chronic kidney disease (aOR: 3.89; 95% CI: 1.41-10.69), congestive heart failure (aOR: 6.12; 95% CI: 2.23-16.77), cerebrovascular accident (aOR: 4.06; 95% CI: 1.22-13.50), and metastatic solid tumors (aOR: 10.27; 95% CI: 2.09-50.39) were independently associated with ICU admission. Conclusion: SARS-CoV-2 remains the predominant respiratory virus in hospitalized adults in the post-pandemic era. Viral co-infections were uncommon and not associated with an increased risk of ICU admission, whereas comorbidities such as cardiovascular, metabolic, and oncological conditions were associated with severe outcomes.
Keywords : Solunum Yolu Enfeksiyonları, Virüsler, Koenfeksiyon, SARS-CoV-2 Virüsü, Grip, Yoğun Bakım Üniteleri

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