Advancing Vaccine Development: The Role of In Vitro Models and Progress in Reducing Animal Testing

Authors : Mehtap Tuğba Dokumacı, Semra Soydam

Pages : 78-85

Doi:10.53913/aduveterinary.1662593

View : 74 | Download : 173

Publication Date : 2025-12-25

Article Type : Review Paper

Abstract :Aim: To review and analyse recent advancements in vaccine evaluation methods, focusing on the transition from in vivo to in vitro assays and the development of novel techniques to minimize animal testing in vaccine research and quality control. Materials and Methods: This study conducted a comprehensive literature review of recent developments in vaccine evaluation techniques, including modifications to the European Pharmacopoeia, cell-based assays, the Modular Immune In vitro Construct (MIMIC) system, and organoid models. The review examined articles, regulatory guidelines, and industry reports to assess the efficacy, limitations, and potential applications of these methods. Results: Significant progress has been made in replacing animal-based tests with in vitro alternatives. The European Pharmacopoeia has implemented changes such as replacing the Mouse Histamine Sensitization Test (HIST) with the Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cell clustering test and the Rabbit Pyrogenicity Test (RPT) with the Monocyte Activation Test (MAT). Cell-based assays have shown promise in early vaccine development stages, while the MIMIC system has demonstrated effectiveness in replicating human immune responses. Organoid models, particularly tonsil organoids, have emerged as valuable tools for simulating complex immune interactions.
Keywords : hayvan deneyleri, in vitro testler, aşı araştırmaları

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