Death Rituals in the Rāmāyaṇa: Cremation, Śrāddha, and Funeral Ceremonies

Authors : Mehmet Masatoğlu

Pages : 17-29

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Publication Date : 2025-06-30

Article Type : Research Paper

Abstract :This study examines the death rituals and Śrāddha ceremonies depicted in the Rāmāyaṇa epic, comparing them with Vedic and Dharmasūtra traditions. The study explores how these rituals, especially in the funerals of figures like Daśaratha, Vālī, and Rāvaṇa, were shaped by Brahmanic norms and adapted to different cultural contexts. The rituals’ roles in maintaining social and cosmic order are highlighted, particularly focusing on how patriarchal and hierarchical structures are reproduced. The article shows how Śrāddha ceremonies reflect gender roles and caste hierarchies, with male heirs performing rituals to reaffirm lineage and social order. Women and marginalized groups generally have limited roles, reinforcing the patriarchal and caste-based structure of Brahmanic Hindu society. Examples like the ritual role-sharing between Tara and Aṇgada illustrate women’s marginalization and men’s centrality in these practices. The study also addresses the restricted access of Śūdra and marginalized groups to these rituals, emphasizing the central role of Brahmins in sanctifying these ceremonies. This analysis underscores the socio-political and religious functions of the Rāmāyaṇa’s death rituals, highlighting their role in preserving hierarchical relationships and cosmic balance.
Keywords : Dinler Tarihi, Hinduizm, Ramayana, Şraddha, Ölüm Ritüelleri, Kremasyon

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