Morphological, physiological, cytological characteristics and agricultural potential of colchicine induced autotetraploid plants in safflower

Authors : Hasan BAYDAR, Ümmü TUĞLU

Pages : 175-181

Doi:10.29136/mediterranean.1067571

View : 22 | Download : 8

Publication Date : 2022-12-02

Article Type : Research Paper

Abstract :Safflower insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(Carthamus tinctorius L.); is one of the important oilseed and bio-energy crops. All of the safflower cultivars in the world have diploid genomes insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(2n= 2x= 24);. In this research, autotetraploidy induction in safflower was performed by colchicine treatments to the emerging shoot tips at the cotyledonary stage. As a result of flow cytometric analyses performed in the C2 progenies, autotetraploids insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(4x= 48); had DNA content of 4.88 pg 2C-1, while diploids insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(2x= 24); had 2.29 pg 2C-1. The autotetraploids in C2 generation exhibited bigger stomata size insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(33.40 μm to 46.90 μm in length); and a higher chloroplast number insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(9.5 to 17.2 in the guard cells);, but less stomatal density insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(17.98% to 16.67% in index); compared to their diploid counterparts. However, autotetraploidy reduced the pollen viability from 80.24% to 16.20%, and seed set rate from 35.06% to 7.01% per capitula. As a result, autotetraploid plants were able to produce very few seeds despite the high unit seed size and weight in their heads. While oil content of the large-seeded autotetraploids was significantly lower, by two-fold, insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(26.37% to 13.23% in the whole seeds); than the small-seeded diploids, fatty acid composition was not significantly influenced by autopolyploidization.
Keywords : Carthamus tinctorius, Autotetraploidy, Colchicine induction, Flow cytometer, Trait evolution