Characterization and Construction of a Robust and Elastic Wall-Less Flow Phantom for High Pressure Flow Rate Using Doppler Ultrasound Applications

Authors : A Oglat AMMAR, Mz MATJAFRİ, Nursakinah SUARDİ, Mohammad A OQLAT, Ahmad A OQLAT, Mostafa A ABDELRAHMAN, Of FARHAT, Muntaser S AHMAD, Batool N ALKHATEB, Sylvester J GEMANAM, Sabri M SHALBİ, Raed ABDALRHEEM, Marwan SHİPLİ, Mohammad MARASHDEH

Pages : 359-377

Doi:10.28978/nesciences.468972

View : 16 | Download : 8

Publication Date : 2018-10-10

Article Type : Research Paper

Abstract :A Doppler ultrasound is a noninvasive test that can be used to estimate the blood flow through the vessels. Presently, few flow phantoms are being used to be qualified for long-term utilize and storage with high physiological flow rate Doppler ultrasound. The main drawback of the two hydrogel materials items insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(Konjac insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(K); and carrageenan insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(C); insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(KC);); that it is not fit for long-term storage and easy to deteriorate. Thus, this research study focuses on the characterization and construction of a robust and elastic wall-less flow phantom with suitable acoustical properties of TMM. The mechanisms for the fabrication of a wall-less flow phantom utilizing a physically strong material such as K, C, and gelatin insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(bovine skin);-based TMM were explained. In addition, the clinical ultrasound insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(Hitachi Avius insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(HI);); system was used as the main instrument for data acquisition. Vessel mimicking material insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(VMM); with dimensions of 15.0 mm depth equal to those of human common carotid arteries insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(CCA); were obtained with pulsatile flow. The acoustical properties insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(speed of sound and attenuation were 1533±2 m/s and 0.2 dB/cm. MHz, respectively); of a new TMM were agreed with the IEC 61685 standards. Furthermore, the velocity percentages error were decreased with increase in the Doppler angle insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(the lowest % error insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(3%); it was at 53◦);. The gelatin from bovine skin was a proper material to be added to KC to enhance the strength of TMM during for long-term utilize and storage of high-flow of blood mimicking Fluid insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(BMF);. This wall-less flow phantom will be a suitable instrument for examining in-vitro research studies.
Keywords : BMF, TMM, Wall less Flow Phantom, Acoustical Properties, Clinical Doppler Ultrasound HI,