Regression-Based Insights into Resisted Swimming Forces and Freestyle Sprint Outcomes

Authors : Ozan Hepözusta, Berkant Erman, Mübin Akin Ongun, Bahtiyar Özcaldıran, Mehmet Zeki Özkol

Pages : 247-261

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Publication Date : 2025-12-31

Article Type : Research Paper

Abstract :Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the contribution of force production during resistance swimming to 25-m freestyle sprint performance. Twenty-two experienced amateur swimmers participated (age: 22.55 ± 5.14 years; height: 175.58 ± 8.91 cm; body weight: 75.30 ± 19.35 kg) in this study. Method: Based on each-athlete’s individual sprint time, resistance-based tests were conducted for full-stroke freestyle, flutter kick, and arm-pull swimming. Force data were collected using the Biopac MP150 data acquisition system, and both peak and mean power outputs were analyzed. Results: The results revealed a strong positive correlation between mean power in resisted freestyle swimming and sprint speed (r = 0.78, p ≤ 0,001). Additionally, mean (r = 0.682, p ≤ 0,001) and peak (r = 0.696, p ≤ 0,001) power values from arm-pull trials also showed significant relationships. In contrast, power metrics derived from flutter kick trials contributed less substantially to sprint speed. Regression analysis indicated that mean power during resisted freestyle swimming explained 61.1% of the variance in 25-m sprint speed. These findings underscore the critical role of sustained power output in short-distance swimming performance. In particular, arm movements were found to significantly enhance propulsion, directly influencing swimming speed. Conclusion: Resistance swimming training protocols should emphasize the development of mean power through short-duration, high-intensity efforts. Tailoring training loads to individual sprint times may further improve training efficiency and performance outcomes.
Keywords : Yüzme Performansı, dirençli yüzme, kuvvet üretimi, güç çıktısı, serbest stil yüzme.

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