Prediction of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Risk in Early Pregnancy Using Antenatal Screening Biomarkers

Authors : Gül Boran Sarıoğlu, Emre Erdem Taş

Pages : 255-260

Doi:10.38136/jgon.1520019

View : 95 | Download : 80

Publication Date : 2024-09-30

Article Type : Research Paper

Abstract :Aim: In this study, we aimed to compare their success in predicting the risk of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) using demographic (age, gravidity, parity), body mass index (BMI), first-trimester fasting blood glucose (FBG), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), and antenatal screening biomarkers (dual and quadruple tests). Materials and Methods: In this study, 800 pregnant women who underwent a one-step 75 g Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT) and antenatal screening tests at a tertiary hospital between January 2017 and June 2020 were retrospectively investigated. After patients were divided into two groups based on their GDM screening test results, the examined parameters were compared between the GDM-Positive and GDM-Negative groups. Once the parameters significantly associated with GDM were determined, their clinical utility in the early diagnosis of GDM was investigated. Results: GDM was diagnosed in 159 (19.8%) of 800 patients. The GDM-Positive group had a higher age, gravidity, parity, BMI, and first-trimester serum FBG levels, as well as lower serum PAPP-A MoM levels than the GDM-Negative group (P <0.05). There were no significant differences between the groups based on serum TSH and f-βhCG, NT, AFP, uE3, ßhCG, and Inhibin-A MoM levels. Binary logistic regression analysis revealed that increased age (P=0.02, CI=1.007-1.096, OR=1.050), BMI (P<0.01, CI=1.452-3.213, OR=1.107), and first-trimester serum FBG levels were independently associated with GDM. Conclusion: The use of first- and second-trimester antenatal screening tests for predicting GDM risk does not appear meaningful. Further studies are needed to determine the usability of these tests for early diagnosis of GDM in the Turkish population.
Keywords : Gestasyonel Diabetes Mellitus, antenatal tarama, risk değerlendirmesi