The Concept of Ethnicization, Political Reconstruction and Ethnic Unity in Afghanistan

Authors : Mohammad Ekram Yawar

Pages : 785-801

Doi:10.5281/zenodo.15628840

View : 54 | Download : 143

Publication Date : 2025-04-08

Article Type : Review Paper

Abstract :The ambiguity in the concept of ethnicity and ethnic minority has made the interaction of governments with ethnic groups difficult. For this reason, the most fundamental step to determine the rights of ethnic minorities in a political society in a scholarly and normative manner is to explain the concept and the limits and semantic gaps of terms such as ethnicity, ethnicity, ethnic group, and ethnic minority. This research seeks to explain the definitions of ethnicity after explaining the lexical and idiomatic meanings of ethnicity and presenting the background of the discussion, and then to choose a comprehensive and appropriate definition in this regard (as a challenging factor in modern political societies). It has also, perhaps for the first time, presented a table containing indicators to determine the extent and intensity of ethnicity. In this regard, and to better explain the concept of ethnicity, it has also attempted to express the degrees of ethnocentrism. Finally, by combining the definitions of the two terms ethnicity and minority, ethnic minority has also been defined. Among the topics of interest in political geography are the discussion of tribes, the methods of formation and gathering of tribes in geographical areas, and the way they interact with other ethnic and racial groups, both intra-ethnic and extra-ethnic. The discussion is of particular interest from the perspective that tribes in Afghanistan have played a significant role in the formation of a phenomenon called the country through ethnic integration in various ways. The results of this research and some other research show that the ethnic-based power structure in the past, supported by the ideology of ethnic nationalism, has also fueled lineage and ethnicism among non-ruling tribes, turning ethnicity into a natural and widespread phenomenon in all spheres of society and causing a national identity crisis in Afghanistan.
Keywords : Afganistan, Etnisite, Azınlık, Güç

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