The Iconographic Continuity Between the Depictions of Storm Gods in the Late Hittite Period and the Hittite Period

Authors : Efecan Anaz

Pages : 774-797

View : 93 | Download : 326

Publication Date : 2025-06-03

Article Type : Research Paper

Abstract :Following the collapse of the Hittite Empire in the late 13th century BCE, the Late Hittite principalities emerged, preserving and reinterpreting Hittite religious and artistic traditions while simultaneously adapting to new socio-political contexts. This study investigates the iconographic continuity and transformation of storm deities specifically Tarhunza, the Storm God of Heaven, the Storm God of Aleppo, and Teššub between the Hittite and Late Hittite periods. Through a comprehensive analysis of monumental reliefs, inscriptions, and seals, the research elucidates the evolving visual representations of these storm gods over time. The findings reveal a remarkable persistence of core symbolic elements such as the axe, trident, and bull—that maintained the deities’ traditional associations with power, fertility, and protection. Nonetheless, significant transformations are equally evident. Tarhunza, in particular, ascended as the preeminent deity of the Late Hittite pantheon, progressively assimilating attributes and functions once attributed to Teššub, the Storm God of Heaven, and the Storm God of Aleppo. This evolution reflects the growing ascendancy of Luwian religious traditions within Late Hittite cultural expressions. By negotiating a delicate balance between continuity and innovation, the Late Hittites harnessed storm god iconography as a means of asserting cultural identity and legitimizing political authority. This study thus offers valuable insights into the mechanisms of cultural resilience and adaptive transformation in the ancient Near Eastern world.
Keywords : Hititler, Geç Hititler, Fırtına Tanrıları, İkonografi, Devamlılık

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