Serum XBP-1 as a Novel Biomarker for Sensitive Prediction of Gestational Diabetes

Authors : Cagseli Ozgun Selcuk, Cihan Kaya, Sinem Tekin, Ali Çetin

Pages : 90-97

Doi:10.35514/mtd.2025.136

View : 56 | Download : 66

Publication Date : 2025-12-31

Article Type : Research Paper

Abstract :Abstract Objective. We investigated serum X-box binding protein 1 (XBP-1) as a diagnostic biomarker for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Methods. This study included 88 gravidae, spanning 18–45 years, who underwent GDM screening via 75-g 2-h Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT) at XXXXXX Hospital. The serum XBP-1 was determined through enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay concurrent with OGTT. We determined the relation of serum XBP-1 with physiological parameters, including anthropometric measurements and cardiovascular indices. The value of XBP-1 was assessed in the diagnosis of GDM. Results. Serum XBP-1 levels were significantly higher in women with GDM compared to those with normal glucose tolerance (5.12±1.65 vs. 2.05±0.40 ng/mL, p<0.001). Subgroup analysis revealed that even early-stage GDM patients had elevated XBP-1 levels (4.36±1.05 ng/mL) compared to controls (p<0.001). XBP-1 showed strong positive correlations with fasting and postprandial glucose levels and BMI (all p<0.001). ROC analysis demonstrated excellent diagnostic performance with area under the curve of 0.99, achieving 100% sensitivity and 99% specificity at a cutoff value of 2.71 ng/mL. Conclusions. Serum XBP-1 represents a promising non-invasive biomarker for early GDM detection, potentially complementing OGTT. Further validation studies in diverse populations are needed to establish its clinical utility.
Keywords : Gestasyonel diabetes mellitus, X-box bağlayıcı protein 1, Biyobelirteç, Endoplazmik retikulum stresi, Oral glukoz tolerans testi, Katlanmamış protein yanıtı

ORIGINAL ARTICLE URL