Comparison of the Effects of the Ketogenic Diet and Western Diet on the Retina in Rats with Diabetes

Authors : Halil İbrahim Sönmezoğlu, İsa Yuvacı, Nureddin Cengiz, Büşra Güner Sönmezoğlu, Gökhan Oturak, Erkan Çelik

Pages : 322-328

Doi:10.26453/otjhs.1502084

View : 23 | Download : 26

Publication Date : 2024-12-25

Article Type : Research Paper

Abstract :Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effects of different diets on the retina in rats with diabetes mellitus (DM). Materials and Methods: In our study, a total of 4 groups were formed: healthy and regular diet (Group 1), DM-induced and regular diet (Group 2), DM-induced and ketogenic diet (KD) (Group 3), DM-induced and western diet (WD) (Group 4). Tissue sections were histo-scored using Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and Caspase-3 immunohistochemical staining method. The thicknesses of the retinal layers stained with hematoxylin-eosin were compared. Results: Retinal staining with VEGF revealed a greater incidence of low-intensity staining in Group 3 (p: 0.018). There was no notable disparity observed across the groups in the staining of the retinas with Caspase-3 (p: 0.65). When the thicknesses of the retinal layers were compared, it was observed that the inner-outer nuclear, inner plexiform and ganglion layers were significantly thicker in the WD group than the other groups (p values <0.001, 0.013, 0.006, 0.017, respectively). There was no significant difference between the groups regarding choroidal thickness (p: 0.118). Conclusions: The KD can be considered advantageous or less detrimental compared to the WD. Nevertheless, while the ketogenic diet has shown beneficial outcomes in the short term, its long-term impact remains uncertain.
Keywords : Caspase-3, diyabetik retinopati, ketojenic diyet, VEGF, western diyet