Pharmacological Insights into Salvia candidissima and S. trichoclada: Antioxidant and Enzyme Inhibition Activities of n- Hexane Extracts

Authors : Güneş Ak
Pages : 550-558
Doi:10.15316/selcukjafsci.1772558
View : 64 | Download : 123
Publication Date : 2025-12-27
Article Type : Research Paper
Abstract :In this study, the antioxidant and enzyme inhibition potentials of Salvia candidissima and Salvia trichoclada n-hexane extracts were evaluated. The total phenolic and flavonoid contents were higher in S. trichoclada (27.61 mg GAE/g and 15.21 mg RE/g, respectively) compared to S. candidissima (23.08 mg GAE/g and 7.75 mg RE/g). Antioxidant assays revealed species-specific differences: S. candidissima exhibited stronger DPPH radical scavenging (6.08 mg TE/g) and metal chelating activity (30.37 mg EDTAE/g), whereas S. trichoclada showed higher ABTS scavenging (13.38 mg TE/g), CUPRAC (57.93 mg TE/g), and FRAP (22.11 mg TE/g) values. Both species demonstrated comparable activities in PBD assays. Enzyme inhibition analyses indicated moderate but meaningful effects: S. trichoclada showed greater butyrylcholinesterase (2.77 mg GALAE/g) and glucosidase (0.73 mg ACAE/g) inhibition, while S. candidissima exhibited stronger amylase inhibition (0.75 mg ACAE/g). Tyrosinase inhibition was similar between species (~36 mg KAE/g). These findings suggest that although n-hexane extracts are typically less rich in phenolics compared to polar extracts, they retain notable antioxidant and selective enzyme inhibitory activities, likely due to their content of lipophilic phenolics, diterpenoids, and sterols. Overall, S. trichoclada displayed a stronger reducing and glucosidase/BChE inhibitory capacity, while S. candidissima excelled in radical scavenging (DPPH) and metal chelation. Future work including HPLC-based phytochemical profiling and structure–activity relationship studies is warranted to identify the specific bioactive constituents and further elucidate their pharmacological potential.
Keywords : salvia, antioksidan aktivite, enzim inhibisyonu, n-hexanne ekstraktı

ORIGINAL ARTICLE URL